Overview of Microdiscectomy

Microdiscectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve root caused by a herniated disc. During the procedure, a small incision is made in the back, and specialized instruments are used to remove the portion of the disc that is pressing on the nerve. This technique helps alleviate pain, numbness, and weakness in the affected area, aiming to improve the patient’s quality of life and restore normal function.


Types of Disc Herniation

Microdiscectomy is primarily used for addressing herniated discs, which can be classified into:

  • Protruded Disc: The disc bulges out but does not rupture.
  • Extruded Disc: The disc material extends beyond its normal boundary but is still connected to the disc.
  • Sequestered Disc: The disc material breaks away and is no longer attached to the disc.

Symptoms of Disc Herniation

Symptoms associated with a herniated disc, which microdiscectomy can address, include:

  • Back Pain: Persistent or intermittent pain in the lower back.
  • Radiculopathy: Pain, numbness, or tingling radiating down the leg.
  • Weakness: Muscle weakness in the legs or feet.
  • Difficulty with Movement: Problems with walking or standing due to pain.

Causes of Disc Herniation

A herniated disc often results from:

  • Aging: Disc degeneration due to natural wear and tear.
  • Injury: Trauma or heavy lifting causing a disc to rupture.
  • Genetics: Genetic predisposition to disc degeneration.
  • Repetitive Stress: Continuous strain from repetitive activities.

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if you experience persistent back pain, significant leg pain, numbness, or weakness that interferes with daily activities. Early consultation can help prevent further complications and guide appropriate treatment options.

Risk Factors for Disc Herniation

Risk factors include:

  • Age: Higher risk with advancing age due to disc degeneration.
  • Occupation: Jobs involving heavy lifting or repetitive motions.
  • Lifestyle: Sedentary lifestyle and poor posture.
  • Genetics: Family history of disc problems.

Complications & Prevention

Possible complications of disc herniation include chronic pain, nerve damage, and reduced mobility. To prevent these complications:

  • Early Intervention: Seek treatment early to avoid worsening symptoms.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Engage in regular exercise, maintain a healthy weight, and practice good posture.
  • Post-Surgery Care: Follow rehabilitation protocols and avoid activities that strain the spine.

Diagnosis & Tests

Diagnosis of a herniated disc typically involves:

  • Physical Examination: Assessing symptoms and physical function.
  • Imaging Tests: MRI or CT scans to visualize the herniated disc and its effect on surrounding nerves.

Treatments

Microdiscectomy is an effective surgical treatment for a herniated disc. Other options include:

  • Non-Surgical Treatments: Physical therapy, medication, and epidural steroid injections.
  • Surgical Alternatives: Disc replacement or laminectomy if microdiscectomy is not suitable.

Do's and Don'ts

  • Do's: Follow post-surgical instructions, engage in recommended physical therapy, and use ergonomic furniture.
  • Don'ts: Avoid heavy lifting, high-impact activities, and poor posture to prevent aggravation of the condition.

Care at Dr. Ram's Advanced Spine Clinic

At Dr. Ram's Advanced Spine Clinic, microdiscectomy is performed with precision by Dr. Venkata Ramakrishna T. The clinic provides personalized care, advanced surgical techniques, and comprehensive post-operative support to ensure the best outcomes for patients.